Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, holds the most comprehensive reference collection of plant pests and pathogens in Victoria. Specimens include insects and other invertebrates, fungal diseases, nematodes, bacteria and viruses of significance to agriculture, agroforestry, biodiversity and other science disciplines. This unique collection is curated and maintained by dedicated staff within the taxonomy team, which forms part of the Invertebrate Sciences and Plant Pathology sections of the Agriculture Victoria Research Division. The reference collections consist of (1) Victorian Plant Pathogen Herbarium (VPRI), (2) Victorian Plant Parasitic Nematode Collection (VPNC) and (3) Victorian Agricultural Insect Collection (VAIC). Between them, they hold more than 250,000 specimens of agricultural significance collected between the 1890s to the present day. Most are databased and feed into the national Australasian Plant Pest Database which provides evidence of pest/pathogen status to inform Australia’s market access and trade decisions.